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The American Astronomical Society
The American Astronomical Society --> publishing
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Books about celestial mechanics and astronomical calculations
The following are a few of the books on my shelf that I've found useful, at one time or another, in figuring out the mathematical and practical aspects of writing astronomy-oriented software. Standard disclaimers: your mileage may vary. At some point, I may come back and add suitable links to publisher's sites and so on, plus some more books from the shelf. Then again, I may not.
Please note that these comments reflect the prejudices of a guy who does a lot of programming; has a solid math background, but no formal astronomical background; and tends to have interests in certain areas of astronomical computing, but may not get too excited about other areas. Again, your mileage may vary.
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C/C++ source code for JPL DE ephemerides - Good guides & RoadMaps
What this source code does: At present, this source code provides several tools for manipulating and computing positions from JPL DE-xxx binary and ASCII ephemerides. Unlike most other source codes for this purpose, it can handle either "little-Endian" (Intel) or "big-Endian" (PowerPC, SPARC) ephemerides, and can swap between assorted ephemeris versions without needing to be recompiled; instead, when it first reads an ephemeris, the byte order and ephemeris version are determined. It can handle all DE ephemerides as of this writing (August 2016, up to and including DE-435). This includes the very long time span of DE-431, which covers years -13000 to +17000, and the DE-430t and DE-432t ephemerides, which have TT-TDB data. (Both the extensive time span of DE-431 and the TT-TDB data of DE-43xt "broke" the existing DE format, and therefore quite a bit of existing code. The newer ephems also include more than 400 ephemeris constants, which also broke lots of code. So don't assume newer ephemerides will work with older code.)
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How to read the JPL Ephemeris and Perform Barycentering
This document describes how to read the JPL ephemeris table,
interpolate values, and perform barycentering. It also describes how
to make an intermediate table representation with Taylor series
coefficients for simpler operations.
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Time Ephemerides
The Time Ephemerides software project consists of software and associated data to create, manipulate, and interpolate time ephemerides of the Earth (and potentially other solar system bodies). These time ephemerides consist of convenient approximations to relativistic time-dilation integrals which have been determined using numerical quadrature of quantities supplied by JPL ephemerides of the major bodies of the solar system. Time ephemerides of the Earth help to determine general-relativistic corrections for Earth-based clocks due to the time varying velocity relative to the solar system barycenter and time-varying gravitational field experienced by such clocks. Such corrections are fundamentally important since they help determine the independent variable of the JPL ephemerides, corrections to pulse-arrival times of pulsars, determinations of precise radial velocities, interpretation of spacecraft-ranging data, etc. For important background information on time ephemeris calculations see this paper. For example, equation 3 of that paper defines the relativistic integral approximated by the various time ephemerides of the Earth.
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numeric time ephemeris of the Earth
research paper of the above project
First Top
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JPL planetary ephemerides access software in C
Piotr A.DybczyĆski's official website...
The ANSI C language version of the software for accessing JPL planetary ephemerides.
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JPL Planetary and Lunar Ephemerides
The latest JPL ephemeris with fully consistent treatment of planetary and
lunar laser ranging data is DE440 (Park et al., 2021). The dynamical model
for DE440 includes a frictional damping between the fluid core and the
elastic mantle. This damping term is not suitable for extrapolation more
than several centuries into the past. In order to cover a longer time span,
the ephemeris DE441 was integrated without the lunar core/mantle damping term.
The positions of the planets for DE441 agree with the positions on DE440 to
within one meter over the time covered by DE440. For the Moon DE441 differs
from DE440 mainly in the estimated tidal damping term causing a difference
in along-track position of the Moon of ~10 meters 100 years from the present
and growing quadratically for times more thna 100 years from present.
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Geocentric Ephemeris for Mercury : 2022
The following table is a geocentric ephemeris for Mercury every day throughout the year at 00:00 Coordinated Universal Time. It was generated using the JPL DE405 planetary and lunar ephemerides. See Key to Geocentric Ephemeris for Mercury for a detailed description of each column in the table.
A geocentric ephemeris is a table that gives the celestial coordinates of an astronomical object over a range of times as seen from Earth's center.
Second Top
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JPL Planetary and Lunar Ephemerides
The latest JPL ephemeris with fully consistent treatment of planetary and
lunar laser ranging data is DE440 (Park et al., 2021). The dynamical model
for DE440 includes a frictional damping between the fluid core and the
elastic mantle. This damping term is not suitable for extrapolation more
than several centuries into the past. In order to cover a longer time span,
the ephemeris DE441 was integrated without the lunar core/mantle damping term.
The positions of the planets for DE441 agree with the positions on DE440 to
within one meter over the time covered by DE440. For the Moon DE441 differs
from DE440 mainly in the estimated tidal damping term causing a difference
in along-track position of the Moon of ~10 meters 100 years from the present
and growing quadratically for times more thna 100 years from present.
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DE data download from JPL
all formats are downloadable...
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Jet Propulsion Laboratory Development Ephemeris
Jet Propulsion Laboratory Development Ephemeris (abbreved JPL DE(number), or simply DE(number)) designates one of a series of mathematical models of the Solar System produced at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, California, for use in spacecraft navigation and astronomy. The models consist of numeric representations of positions, velocities and accelerations of major Solar System bodies, tabulated at equally spaced intervals of time, covering a specified span of years.[1] Barycentric rectangular coordinates of the Sun, eight major planets and Pluto, and geocentric coordinates of the Moon are tabulated.
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Fundamental ephemeris
A fundamental ephemeris of the Solar System is a model of the objects of the system in space, with all of their positions and motions accurately represented. It is intended to be a high-precision primary reference for prediction and observation of those positions and motions, and which provides a basis for further refinement of the model. It is generally not intended to cover the entire life of the Solar System; usually a short-duration time span, perhaps a few centuries, is represented to high accuracy. Some long ephemerides cover several millennia to medium accuracy.
They are published by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory as Development Ephemeris. The latest releases include DE430 which covers planetary and lunar ephemeris from Dec 21, 1549 to Jan 25, 2650 with high precision and is intended for general use for modern time periods . DE431 was created to cover a longer time period Aug 15, -13200 to March 15, 17191 with slightly less precision for use with historic observations and far reaching forecasted positions. DE432 was released as a minor update to DE430 with improvements to the Pluto barycenter in support of the New Horizons mission.[1]
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C/C++ source code for JPL DE ephemerides
What this source code does: At present, this source code provides several tools for manipulating and computing positions from JPL DE-xxx binary and ASCII ephemerides. Unlike most other source codes for this purpose, it can handle either "little-Endian" (Intel) or "big-Endian" (PowerPC, SPARC) ephemerides, and can swap between assorted ephemeris versions without needing to be recompiled; instead, when it first reads an ephemeris, the byte order and ephemeris version are determined. It can handle all DE ephemerides as of this writing (August 2016, up to and including DE-435). This includes the very long time span of DE-431, which covers years -13000 to +17000, and the DE-430t and DE-432t ephemerides, which have TT-TDB data. (Both the extensive time span of DE-431 and the TT-TDB data of DE-43xt "broke" the existing DE format, and therefore quite a bit of existing code. The newer ephems also include more than 400 ephemeris constants, which also broke lots of code. So don't assume newer ephemerides will work with older code.)
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Bill-Gray/jpl_eph
Details at http://www.projectpluto.com/jpl_eph.htm .
This code provides various utilities and functions to read, use, and manipulate JPL DE ephemeris data. The core functions were based on Piotr Dybczynski's C source code :
ftp://ftp.astro.amu.edu.pl/pub/jpleph/
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proj/timed/apps/jpleph.c
jpleph.c - function pleph() for reading from JPL binary ephemeris table
and returning relative position-velocity coordinates for selected pair
of solar system objects
More specific
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Format of the JPL Ephemeris Files
I have implemented an example implementation based on the description below to show how everything fits together. Additionally other example programs in other languages, and for accessing files in binary format are located in the Github repository.
The JPL Development Ephemeris provide high quality, accurate data on the positions of the planets, the moon, and sometimes a few other variables. Writing software to use the JPL files is not difficult. Unfortunately the documentation is pretty lacking, scattered, and mostly relies on reading the source code of reference implementations. Having looked at the reference implementations, I'm pretty convinced that the authors are better astronomers than they are programmers. I'm not here to judge, I'm certainly a much better programmer than I am an astronomer. I'm hoping with this article I can help bridge the gap, and explain how to use the JPL ephemeris data in terms that are easier for programmers to follow who might not be as informed on astronomy, and hopefully open up new opprotunities.
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C/C++ source code for JPL DE ephemerides
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Bill-Gray/jpl_eph
Code to read, use, and manipulate JPL DE ephemeris data.
This code provides various utilities and functions to read, use, and manipulate JPL DE ephemeris data. The core functions were based on Piotr Dybczynski's C source code :
ftp://ftp.astro.amu.edu.pl/pub/jpleph/
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Find_Orb : Orbit determination from observations
If your needs are simple enough, there is an on-line, server-based version of Find_Orb that may be all you need. The on-line version allows you to enter observed positions in the Minor Planet Center's 80-column observation format, and/or the newer ADES astrometric format , and/or in the AstDyS/NEODys .rwo format, and determine the orbital elements matching those observations and compute ephemerides.
The on-line version has gradually improved. But it doesn't always find an orbit (usually for "hard" cases such as some artificial and natural satellites and sun-grazing comets, or difficult linkages of short arcs). You can't compute Monte Carlo variant orbits, or try out different orbit determination schemes. You can't exclude observations (except by removing them from the input data), or filter them, or fit non-gravitational parameters. If you're looking for these and other advanced capabilities, you'll have to install Find_Orb.
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ctdk/vsop87
VI/81 Planetary Solutions VSOP87 (Bretagnon+, 1988)
================================================================================
Greg Miller's site
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Celestial Programming: Greg Miller's Astronomy Programming Page
A collection of astronomy related programs, algorithms, tutorials, and data. Most of the code here is public domain, though some of data and/or images my be under other copyright (usually an open source license), details will be given on relevant pages.
Greg Miller (gmiller@gregmiller.net)
Planetary Theories in rectangular and spherical variables: VSOP87 solution.
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gmiller123456/vsop87-multilang
Versions for many different languages and environments have been created. These have passed all test cases provided by the VSOP87 authors, a validation program is also included for each language. They are ready for use. See the "Languages" directory for the status of each language.
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VSOP87 Multilang
What is VSOP87?
VSOP87 was develped by the Bureau des Longitudes in Paris for computing the positions of the planets (Mercury through Neptune), and version "A" also includes the Earth-Moon barrycenter, which can provide the positon of the Moon. The accuracy according to the authors is 1 arcseconds for a 2000 year period before and after the year 2000. Several different versions are provided, VSOP87, VSOP87A, VSOP87B, VSOP87C, VSOP87D, VSOP87E provide the coordinates in different formats and coordinate systems.
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Planetary theories in rectangular and spherical variables - VSOP 87 solutions
article in PDF
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gmiller123456
/
jpl-development-ephemeris
About
Implementations of Development Ephemeris computations
Implementations in various langauges to compute the positions of planets (and other properties) from the JPL Development Ephemeris.
under binary folder, it has C# program.
The ASCII Directory contains implementations which work with the ASCII file distributions. The Binary directory contains implemenations which work with the binary files generated from the ASCII versions, and a utility to perform the conversion.
The BinaryHeaderFormat.txt contains a description of the binary header, but requires knowledge of the ASCII header format described at http://www.celestialprogramming.com/.
Get the data files from: (Some compatible binary versions are in the Linux directory) FTP ssd.jpl.nasa.gov /pub/eph/planets
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Format of the JPL Ephemeris Files
I have implemented an example implementation based on the description below to show how everything fits together. Additionally other example programs in other languages, and for accessing files in binary format are located in the Github repository.
Video
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Astrology Lesson #1
Astrology Lesson #1
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Astrology Made Easy - Crash Course on Planets, Houses, Aspects and More
good video
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Astrology Made Easy - Crash Course on Planets, Houses, Aspects and More
This is a video to help with anyone beginning to study astrology
good symbols introductions
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Astrology Made Easy - Crash Course on Planets, Houses, Aspects and More
This is a video to help with anyone beginning to study astrology
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Vedic Astrology Classes - 1
Vedic Astrology Classes - 1
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Your Guide to the 12 Zodiac Dates & Traits
Pisces ,aquarius ,Capricorn , Sagittarius,Scorpio, Libra,Virgo ,leo,cancer ,Gemini,Taurus ,aries
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zodiac
zodiac, in astronomy and astrology, a belt around the heavens extending 9° on either side of the ecliptic, the plane of Earth’s orbit and of the Sun’s apparent annual path. The orbits of the Moon and of the principal planets also lie entirely within the zodiac. The 12 astrological signs of the zodiac are each considered to occupy 1/12 (or 30°) of its great circle.
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Gann Yearly Number I Gann Dates I Gann Astrology
This has come from pure observation on Yearly Number as each year is different from another and each year tells u which number to be focussed on.
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Welcome To Gann Decoder
Welcome To Gann Decoder
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dcf21/ephemeris-compute-de405
For the Sun, Moon and planets, it extracts positions from the publicly available NASA DE405 ephemeris (published 1997), which covers the time period 1600 to 2200 AD, typically with an accuracy of a few km. Outside of this time range, it solves Kepler's equation for the position of an object in an elliptical orbit, yielding results of much lower accuracy.
For asteroids, it solves Kepler's equation using orbital elements downloaded from Ted Bowell's astorb.dat catalogue.
For comets, it obtains orbital elements from the Minor Planet Center's website.
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dcf21/ephemeris-compute-de430
ephemerisCompute (DE430 version)
For the Sun, Moon and planets, it extracts positions from the publicly available NASA DE430 ephemeris (published 2013), which covers the time period 1550 to 2650 AD, typically with an accuracy of a few km. Outside of this time range, it solves Kepler's equation for the position of an object in an elliptical orbit, yielding results of much lower accuracy.
For asteroids, it solves Kepler's equation using orbital elements downloaded from Ted Bowell's astorb.dat catalogue.
For comets, it obtains orbital elements from the Minor Planet Center's website.
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marando/DE430
JPL DE430
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Ornstein89/ephemeris_generic_example
An example of ephemeris calculation with different toolkits and sources: NASA/NAIF SPICE toolkit with JPL DE430 ephemeris and also IAA RAS EPM 2017 ephemeris.
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JPL Planetary and Lunar Ephemerides
JPL PLANETARY AND LUNAR EPHEMERIDES : Export Information [21 December 2020]
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The JPL Planetary and Lunar Ephemerides DE440 and DE441
The planetary and lunar ephemerides called DE440 and DE441 have been generated by fitting numerically integrated orbits to ground-based and space-based observations. Compared to the previous general-purpose ephemerides DE430, seven years of new data have been added to compute DE440 and DE441, with improved dynamical models and data calibration.
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The JPL Planetary and Lunar Ephemerides DE440 and DE441
The JPL Planetary and Lunar Ephemerides DE440 and DE441 - PDF format paper
Must Have Books
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FUNDAMENTAL EPHEMERIS COMPUTATIONS
CD-ROM and Book
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ASTRONOMICAL ALGORITHMS, 2ND EDITION
In the field of celestial calculations, Jean Meeus has enjoyed wide acclaim and respect since long before microcomputers and pocket calculators appeared on the market. When he brought out his Astronomical Formulae for Calculators in 1979, it was practically the only book of its genre. It quickly became the "source among sources," even for other writers in the field. Many of them have warmly acknowledged their debt (or should have), citing the unparalleled clarity of his instructions and the rigor of his methods.
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PLANETARY PROGRAMS & TABLES (FORTRAN) CD
$24.95$24.95
Must - have
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SOLVING KEPLER'S EQUATION
The sole subject of Solving Kepler's Equation work is Kepler's Equation (KE) M = E - e sin E . In its narrowest form, the Kepler problem is to solve KE for E , given M in the interval [0,p]and e in the interval [0,1]. In virtually every decade from 1650 to the present there have appeared papers devoted to the Kepler problem and its solution. We can see from a list of them that the problem has enticed a wide variety of scientists to comment on or involve themselves in its solution.
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ELEMENTS OF SOLAR ECLIPSES (1951-2200)
source code for the book of ELEMENTS OF SOLAR ECLIPSES (1951-2200)
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Best Astrology Software for iPhone, iPad & Mac
Astrology Charts & Reports • Astrological Calendars • Tabular & Graphic Ephemeris
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3D Ephemeris Chart
The Astro module of Optuma includes a fully user-definable 3D ephemeris which instantly displays any number of planets, asteroids, node positions and other planetary bodies, allowing key planetary relationships to be easily identified.
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Natal Chart
The Astro module of Optuma includes a fully user-definable natal chart which instantly displays any number of planets, asteroids, node positions, and Natal Houses (eg Ascendant, Midheaven), allowing key planetary relationships to be easily identified. The position of the houses are based on Placidus house system.